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Paper Type: Article (898)	15 May 2024

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Supplement to this Special Issue of The Caring Campus Project
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 37 • No. 3 • pp. 1 - 67
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Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in a Canadian Community Hospital: A Novel Approach to an Evidence-Based Intervention
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 37 • No. 1 • pp. 81 - 85
To increase access to evidence-based care, people with depression and anxiety in a Canadian community hospital were offered internet-delivered CBT (iCBT) or in-person CBT. The iCBT outpatients had a lower attrition rate with similar symptom reduction. Our results suggest that other clinics and hospitals could use iCBT to facilitate care.
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Improving Mental Health Literacy in Post-Secondary Students: Field Testing the Feasibility and Potential Outcomes of a Peer-Led Approach
- Chris Gilham,
- Erin L. Austen,
- Yifeng Wei, and
- Stanley Kutcher
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 37 • No. 1 • pp. 1 - 12
Transitions (2nd edition) is an evidence-based life-skills resource designed to help post-secondary students transition from high school to college or university. This study was an on-campus evaluation of peer-led seminars of the mental health content from Transitions. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the mental health literacy of three groups of students: master trainers, student trainers, and seminar participants. Post-seminar, there were significant improvements in mental health knowledge and help-seeking, two key components of participants’ mental health literacy. This peer-led approach is a feasible option with the potential to improve student mental health literacy within a short time frame.
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Designing a Person-Centred Care Pathway for People with Depression in Primary Care
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 37 • No. 1 • pp. 87 - 91
We created a person-centred care pathway for people with depression in a primary care team. An electronic form supported clinicians in assessing and documenting depression, accessing guidelines, making referrals and sharing the plan with the client. Assessment, documentation of depression, and referrals for cognitive behaviour therapy increased.
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Profils ethnolinguistique et de santé mentale de jeunes étudiantes et étudiants d’un établissement d’enseignement postsecondaire francophone en contexte minoritaire dans l’Ouest canadien
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 37 • No. 1 • pp. 13 - 28
Le présent article décrit le lien entre la santé mentale et l’identité ethnolinguistique des étudiantes et étudiants d’un établissement d’enseignement postsecondaire francophone en contexte linguistique minoritaire dans l’Ouest canadien. Dans l’ensemble, les Franco-Manitobains affichaient une forte identité ethnolinguistique et une meilleure santé mentale. En revanche, les francophones d’un autre pays étaient plus à risque d’éprouver un problème de santé mentale, et ce, malgré une forte identité ethnolinguistique. À l’évidence, pour ces étudiantes et étudiants et ceux d’origine canadienne anglophone, l’identité ethnolinguistique est positivement associée à la santé mentale et devrait donc être considérée de façon plus spécifique au moment de l’élaboration des stratégies de promotion de la santé mentale destinées aux établissements d’enseignement postsecondaire canadiens.
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What Are the Personal Recovery Needs of Community-Dwelling Individuals with Mental Illness? Preliminary Findings from the Canadian Personal Recovery Outcome Measurement (C-PROM) Study
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 37 • No. 1 • pp. 29 - 47
Personal recovery is an overarching goal that underpins mental health community support and clinical services in Canada. Surprisingly, little information is available about the personal recovery needs of community-dwelling Canadians with mental illness. The purpose of this study is to describe these needs in a sample of adults living in a large urban centre. We performed a multi-site cross-sectional survey of adults who receive community-based mental health services in an urban setting. Participants were asked to complete six patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures about personal recovery, hope, mastery, and depression. We used descriptive and correlational analyses to summarize the data according to an established evidence-based theoretical conceptualization of recovery. Two hundred and twenty-eight individuals participated in the study. Participants indicated high levels of self-reported empowerment and hope and optimism about the future. In contrast, participants reported low levels of perceived connectedness, identity, and meaning in life. In conclusion, this study identified that recovery-oriented PRO measures can improve our understanding of the needs and goals of individuals with mental illness and highlight the ways in which individuals can achieve a sense of meaning in life. Understanding the recovery needs of Canadians with mental illness may help foster recovery-oriented healthcare by bringing person-centred approaches to the point of treatment, so as to ensure greater quality and accountability of mental health services.
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The Implementation of a Rent Assistance Program and Its Impacts on Recovery Outcomes for Individuals Experiencing Chronic Homelessness
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 37 • No. 1 • pp. 49 - 63
This study explored the experiences of persons experiencing chronic homelessness with and without rent assistance. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 12 participants in order to determine if and how rent assistance impacted participants’ narratives of recovery. These narrative interviews, along with a focus group conducted with 10 support workers, explored implementation factors impacting recovery narratives. The findings suggest that access to rent assistance helps to promote recovery outcomes, conceptualized as life transitions (streets to home, home to community, and past to future), among individuals experiencing chronic homelessness. These transitions were enhanced by various participant, program, and community factors.
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Rewards and Challenges in Caring for Older Adults with Multiple Chronic Conditions: Perspectives of Seniors’ Mental Health Case Managers
- Andrew Perrella,
- Carrie McAiney, and
- Jenny Ploeg
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 37 • No. 1 • pp. 65 - 79
Healthcare professionals play an important role in caring for older adults with multiple chronic conditions (MCC). Yet few studies have examined the experiences of working with this population, particularly among non-physicians. Twenty-two mental health professionals participated in focus groups to explore the experiences of caring for older adults with MCC. Challenges included a fragmented system, stigma, and knowledge gaps. Rewards included the challenges that complexity presented and human connections. Understanding health professionals’ experiences in working with this growing population demographic can assist in the development of appropriate interventions to support providers that best meet the needs of older adults.
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Promoting Mental Well-Being Through Social-Emotional Learning in Schools: Examples from British Columbia
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 36 • No. 4 • pp. 97 - 107
Social and emotional learning is increasingly recognized as playing an important role in the promotion of positive mental health in schools. In 2012, the Mental Health Commission of Canada identified child and youth mental health as a priority for the transformation of mental health systems in Canada. To this end, comprehensive efforts to promote positive social and emotional development in schools and to foster safe and caring school environments are urgently needed. This paper highlights the multi-faceted approach undertaken in British Columbia over the past decade to promote positive mental health through social-emotional learning in schools.
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The Problem with “Community” in the Mental Health Field
- Tyler Frederick,
- Lesley A. Tarasoff,
- Jijian Voronka,
- Lucy Costa, and
- Sean Kidd
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 36 • No. 4 • pp. 3 - 32
The concept of “community” is ubiquitous in mental health policy, research, and practice in Canada; however, its meaning is rarely defined. In this paper, we consider the positioning of “community” within the Canadian historical and political mental health context and reveal that it contrasts with the lived experiences of people with psychiatric disabilities. We argue that mental health policy, research, and practice should move away from the term community in favour of a framework that addresses basic needs, disability justice, intersecting social identities, and the structural forces that impact the lives of people with psychiatric disabilities as they “recover” in settings outside of hospital.
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The Implementation of the 2012 Mental Health Strategy for Canada Through the Lens of FASD
- Tara Anderson,
- Mansfield Mela, and
- Michelle Stewart
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 36 • No. 4 • pp. 69 - 81
It is the current authors’ perspective that the successful implementation of Changing Directions, Changing Lives, which seeks to improve mental health and well-being in Canada, cannot be realized effectively without considering FASD. Given that 94% of individuals with FASD also have mental disorders, practitioners in the mental health system are encountering these individuals every day. Most mental health professionals have not been trained to identify or diagnose FASD, and therefore it goes largely “unseen,” and individual treatment plans lack efficacy. Implementation of FASD-informed recommendations, such as those of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (2015), can provide a more effective approach to mental health services and improve mental health outcomes.
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A Review of Measures of Aggregate Mental Health Costs in Canada
- Philip Jacobs,
- Francine Knoops, and
- Alain Lesage
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 36 • No. 4 • pp. 127 - 143
Since 2000, 5 studies have been published that each purported to estimate aggregate national mental health costs in Canada. Each of these studies used a different method. Our aim was to compare the studies, and we created a framework for the different elements used to assess mental health costs (direct costs, indirect costs, transfer payments, and “human” costs). In addition, each study used different parameters (population covered, diagnosis) and cost components to estimate the economic impact of mental health. Our framework can help analysts to understand the purpose of different cost components. We conclude that to achieve a consensus on the magnitude of mental health costs, we need to use more standardized approaches.
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Mental Health and Primary Care: Contributing to Mental Health System Transformation in Canada
- Nick Kates
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 36 • No. 4 • pp. 33 - 67
For 20 years mental health and primary care providers across Canada have been working collaboratively together to improve access to care, provider skills, and patient experience. The new strategic plan of the Mental Health Commission of Canada (MHCC) offers many opportunities for collaborative care to play a role in the transformation of Canada’s mental health systems. To assist the plan, this paper presents principles underlying successful projects and ways that mental health and primary care services can work together more collaboratively, including integrating mental health providers in primary care. It integrates these concepts into a Canadian Model for Collaborative Mental Health Care that can guide future expansion of these approaches, and suggests ways in which better collaboration can address wider issues facing all of Canada’s health care systems.
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Culturally Competent Commissioning; Meeting the Needs of Canada’s Diverse Communities: The Road Map to a Culturally Competent Mental Health System for All
- Tiwalola Foluke Kolapo
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 36 • No. 4 • pp. 83 - 96
Cultural competence has proven to be a very efficient tool in reducing healthcare disparities and improving healthcare experiences, compliance with therapy, and reducing incidents of misdiagnosis. This effect is because professionals are recognizing the value and significance of including the person in need of services in their assessment and decision making. While this rationale has also long been considered part of good practice among healthcare professionals (providers) within the mental health arena and nursing care and the success of its use has been reported widely in the provider and insurance arena, the notion seems to have escaped the commissioning arena. Commissioners are responsible for specifying, procuring, and monitoring services and are missing out on the value of completing culturally competent needs assessments for their localities. Synonymous with cultural competence is “person-centred care.” In recent times, cultural competence has contributed much to the commissioning of dementia services in a bid to improve and promote person-centred care. It could be argued that there is no person-centred care without cultural competence, which, in simplistic terms, can be defined as care that is undertaken in partnership with the recipient and is of value and significance to the recipient. Culturally competent commissioning and provision of care is therefore to be recommended as capable of addressing quality issues and the problematic variation in services available.
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Five Challenges of Designing Disability Income Support for People with Mental Illnesses: A Qualitative Case Study of Australia and Ontario
- Ashley McAllister
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 36 • No. 4 • pp. 109 - 126
In most disability income support (DIS) programs, mental illnesses is the fastest growing category of illness, but it is unknown how policy designers consider this vulnerable group. Forty-five DIS policy designers in Australia and Ontario explained how they consider mental illnesses when designing policy. Using a grounded theory approach, five challenges emerged: validating duration, proving an illness, (un)differentiating mental illnesses, managing mental illnesses, and separating the person from the illness. Each challenge is described and compared across Australia and Ontario. These challenges provide a framework for other settings to determine how well their DIS policies have considered mental illnesses in policy design.
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Introduction to Part 2 of the Second Special Issue
- Steve Lurie,
- Gillian Mulvale, and
- Tania Lecomte
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 36 • No. 4 • pp. 1 - 2
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Les effets d’une formation dans le domaine de la violence sexuelle sur les connaissances, les attitudes, l’autoefficacité et le transfert des apprentissages
- Manon Bergeron,
- Martine Hébert, and
- Louise Gaudreau
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 36 • No. 3 • pp. 15 - 27
Cette évaluation porte sur les effets d’une formation dans le domaine de la violence sexuelle, destinée au personnel en milieu scolaire et développée par un organisme communautaire spécialisé dans ce domaine. Les résultats indiquent que cette formation contribue à accroître les connaissances, les attitudes favorables exemptes de préjugés vis-à-vis la violence sexuelle et le sentiment d’autoefficacité du personnel scolaire (n = 42) à court terme et 3 mois après la formation. De plus, les participants et participantes rapportent une fréquence considérable de situations dans lesquelles ils ont transféré les apprentissages dans leurs pratiques professionnelles.
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Looking for Help: Primary Care Providers’ Need for Collaboration to Deliver Primary Mental Healthcare Services
- Pamela Wener and
- Roberta Lynn Woodgate
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 36 • No. 3 • pp. 29 - 39
Primary care providers deliver the majority of mental health care to individual Canadians. Researchers suggest that these practitioners are not prepared to deliver these services and require collaboration with mental health specialists to better meet patients’ needs. This study describes family physicians’ and nurse practitioners’ perceptions of the need for consultation and collaboration from mental healthcare specialists. The theme, Looking for Help, is explained by three categories: My Comfort Zone, I Lack the Education, and Not Enough Time. Findings from this study may inform future collaborative mental healthcare initiatives and primary care networks.
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A Recovery College in Canada: An Innovative Means of Supporting and Empowering Individuals with Severe Mental Illness
- Simone Arbour and
- Allison Stevens
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 36 • No. 3 • pp. 59 - 63
The Recovery College at Ontario Shores provides service users who have mental health challenges with courses, which they choose, to learn about recovery, mental health, treatment options, leisure, and fun. College components designed to enhance recovery also include peer support and access to the library to enhance individualized learning.
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Prévalence des prescriptions psychopharmacologiques aux enfants placés en foyer de groupe et en centre de réadaptation
- Julie Desjardins,
- Denis Lafortune, and
- Francine Cyr
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health • Vol. 36 • No. 3 • pp. 1 - 14
Cette étude présente des données concernant la prévalence des psychopharmacoprescriptions chez les enfants de 6 à 12 ans placés dans les foyers de groupe et centres de réadaptation des Centres jeunesse du Québec. Elle précise les classes de molécules, les motifs de prescription et la formation du médecin prescripteur. L’échantillon comprend 101 enfants placés. Les données ont été obtenues par le biais de questionnaires remplis par les éducateurs et éducatrices responsables de ces derniers. Les résultats indiquent que 70 % des jeunes reçoivent au moins une prescription, le plus souvent signée par des médecins spécialistes. Les ordonnances se composent pour la plupart de psychostimulants et d’antipsychotiques, prescrits pour des troubles de l’attention avec hyperactivité.
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Supplement to this Special Issue of The Caring Campus Project

Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in a Canadian Community Hospital: A Novel Approach to an Evidence-Based Intervention

Improving Mental Health Literacy in Post-Secondary Students: Field Testing the Feasibility and Potential Outcomes of a Peer-Led Approach

Designing a Person-Centred Care Pathway for People with Depression in Primary Care

Profils ethnolinguistique et de santé mentale de jeunes étudiantes et étudiants d’un établissement d’enseignement postsecondaire francophone en contexte minoritaire dans l’Ouest canadien

What Are the Personal Recovery Needs of Community-Dwelling Individuals with Mental Illness? Preliminary Findings from the Canadian Personal Recovery Outcome Measurement (C-PROM) Study

The Implementation of a Rent Assistance Program and Its Impacts on Recovery Outcomes for Individuals Experiencing Chronic Homelessness

Rewards and Challenges in Caring for Older Adults with Multiple Chronic Conditions: Perspectives of Seniors’ Mental Health Case Managers

Promoting Mental Well-Being Through Social-Emotional Learning in Schools: Examples from British Columbia

The Problem with “Community” in the Mental Health Field

The Implementation of the 2012 Mental Health Strategy for Canada Through the Lens of FASD

A Review of Measures of Aggregate Mental Health Costs in Canada

Mental Health and Primary Care: Contributing to Mental Health System Transformation in Canada

Culturally Competent Commissioning; Meeting the Needs of Canada’s Diverse Communities: The Road Map to a Culturally Competent Mental Health System for All

Five Challenges of Designing Disability Income Support for People with Mental Illnesses: A Qualitative Case Study of Australia and Ontario

Introduction to Part 2 of the Second Special Issue

Les effets d’une formation dans le domaine de la violence sexuelle sur les connaissances, les attitudes, l’autoefficacité et le transfert des apprentissages

Looking for Help: Primary Care Providers’ Need for Collaboration to Deliver Primary Mental Healthcare Services

A Recovery College in Canada: An Innovative Means of Supporting and Empowering Individuals with Severe Mental Illness

Prévalence des prescriptions psychopharmacologiques aux enfants placés en foyer de groupe et en centre de réadaptation

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