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Need to Culturally Adapt and Improve Access to Evidence-Based Psychosocial Interventions for Canadian South-Asians: A Call to Action

Publication: Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health
13 April 2020

Abstract

Research into social determinants of mental and emotional health problems highlighted the need to understand the cultural factors. Mental health of immigrants is influenced by a variety of cultural, psychological, social, and economic factors. There is some evidence to suggest that South Asian people have higher rates of mental and emotional health problems than the rest of the Canadian population. Limited research also suggests that psycho-social factors are highly likely to be responsible for these high rates of mental health problems. These psychosocial factors may be impeding access and engagement with the services. These socially determined emotional and mental health problems are more likely to respond to psychosocial interventions than biological treatments. Evidence-based psychosocial interventions such as Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) might offer the way forward. CBT can be offered in a low-cost, low intensity format in a variety of settings, thus addressing the attached stigma. However, these interventions need to be culturally adapted, as these are underpinned by a Western value system. CBT has been culturally adapted and found to be effective in this group elsewhere. This opinion paper describes the need to enhance research on psychosocial determinants of the mental and emotional health problems, status, and the psychosocial determinants of health amongst South Asians in Canada to inform our understanding of the cultural specificity of psychosocial interventions.

Résumé

La recherche portant sur les déterminants sociaux des problèmes de santé mentale et émotionnelle a mis en évidence la nécessité de bien comprendre les facteurs culturels. La santé mentale des immigrants est influencée par divers facteurs d’ordre culturel, psychologique, social et économique. Certaines données suggèrent que les personnes d’origine sud-asiatique affichent des taux plus élevés de problèmes de santé mentale et émotionnelle que le reste de la population canadienne. Un nombre limité de recherches suggèrent également que des facteurs psychosociaux seraient fort probablement responsables de ces taux élevés de problèmes de santé mentale. Ces facteurs psychosociaux pourraient entraver l’accès et l’engagement dans les services. Il semble plus probable que ces problèmes de santé émotionnelle et mentale déterminés par la société répondent davantage à des interventions psychosociales qu›à des traitements biologiques. Des interventions psychosociales fondées sur des données factuelles telles que la thérapie cognitivo-comportementale (TCC) et la thérapie d’acceptation et d’engagement (TAE) pourraient être la voie à suivre. La TCC peut être proposée sous une forme peu coûteuse et à faible intensité dans divers contextes, ce qui permet de lutter contre la stigmatisation associée aux problèmes de santé mentale et émotionnelle. Toutefois, ces interventions doivent être culturellement adaptées du fait qu’elles prennent appui sur un système de valeurs occidentales. Culturellement modulable, la TCC s’est avérée efficace pour traiter la population asiatique à d’autres endroits. Le présent document d’opinion décrit la nécessité d’intensifier la recherche sur les déterminants psychosociaux des problèmes de santé mentale et émotionnelle, le statut et les déterminants psychosociaux de la santé chez les personnes d’origine sud-asiatique vivant au Canada, et ce, afin d’améliorer notre compréhension de la spécificité culturelle des interventions psychosociales.

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Information & Authors

Information

Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health
Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health
Volume 38Number 4December 2019
Pages: 19 - 29

History

Version of record online: 13 April 2020

Key Words

  1. South Asian
  2. mental health
  3. Canada
  4. psychosocial interventions
  5. cognitive therapy

Mots-clés

  1. sud-asiatique
  2. santé mentale
  3. Canada
  4. interventions psychosociales
  5. thérapie cognitive

Authors

Affiliations

Farooq Naeem [email protected]
Tasneem Khan
University of Waterloo
Kenneth Fung
Lavanya Narasiah
Jaswant Guzder
Laurence J. Kirmayer

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